Nathan Bedford Forrest met them on Sand Mountain and began harassing the federal raiders. A local girl, Emma Sansom , led Forrest's men across Black Creek after the raiders had burned the bridge, for which the legislature awarded her a gold medal. A few days later near Rome, Georgia, Streight's by-then exhausted forces surrendered and were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. Although patently unsuccessful, this would not be the last raid into Alabama.
In August , U. Navy admiral David Farragut assembled a fleet of ironclads and wooden-hulled frigates to take Mobile Bay. According to legend, Farragut issued the famous rallying cry, "Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead," and guided his ships past the heavily fortified entrance to Mobile Bay.
Two weeks later, after sieges of forts Gaines and Morgan, federal forces controlled the bay. Because the city of Mobile remained in Confederate hands until the end of the war, the victory was as much psychological as it was tactical. Josiah Gorgas Part of the U. During the s, a number of Alabama entrepreneurs had tried to develop an industrial infrastructure centering on railroads and iron-making. These early industries did not fare well for several reasons, chief among them that it was simply too easy to make money growing cotton.
The start of the war found Alabama, indeed the Confederacy, nearly devoid of weapons. The state procured some by seizing the Mount Vernon arsenal and by purchasing others. But as the war dragged on and the federal blockade became increasingly effective, it was evident that the South would have to arm itself. The individual largely responsible for this was Josiah Gorgas , chief of ordnance for the Confederacy. He began by melting down domestic civilian goods and by had created an industrial corridor through central Alabama of iron furnaces, rolling mills, powder mills, arsenals, laboratories, and factories.
Arguably his most impressive achievement was the Selma foundry and manufacturing complex, employing 3, men and producing more than of the famous and technologically advanced Brooke rifled cannon. In the ensuing decades and in civilian hands, industry would transform Alabama.
Some of the spectacular changes wrought by the war came on, and under, the sea. Southerners had no experience in shipbuilding and were not renowned as seamen; nonetheless, they astonished their critics. Navy, and iron plating produced at the foundry outfitted the CSS Nashville. The first submarine to sink a ship, the H.
Hunley , was built in Mobile. Such figures as Semmes and Gorgas were but a few of the many Alabamians who would achieve great fame during the war's course. Robert E. Lee's greatest commanders. Perceiving themselves trapped between a mass of disenfranchised black slaves and the industrializing and increasingly abolitionist North, white Alabamians were led into secession and war by a charismatic cohort who claimed the imprimatur of biblical scripture, romanticized traditions of chivalry, and the military mantle of the American Revolution.
McIlwain dispels the received wisdom of a white citizenry united behind a cadre of patriarchs and patriots.
Christopher Lyle McIlwain Sr. To be sure, there is no dearth of recent books and articles on specific aspects of the war and its vivid personalities and legacies—from the Battle of Mobile Bay to Gen.
She also had to state whether she was living with the veteran, divorced, or widowed. If applicable she provided information about when and where he died or if he lived in another state. In , , and , the state prepared lists of Confederate veteran pensioners. Additional Confederate pension records are:. From to , former Confederates could apply for pardon from the federal government. The voting rights and citizenship of former Confederates were restored when they applied for pardon and signed an Amnesty Oath.
In August , stations were appointed in each county in Alabama where men and a few women could sign the Amnesty Oath. The oaths list only the names of the persons who signed and are often found in county records. On 6 June , general amnesty became universal. The — Amnesty Papers are available online and on microfilms:. If a Union sympathizer in Alabama claimed a loss during the Civil War due to Union military confiscation, he could apply to the Southern Claims Commission for reimbursement.
Only a few applied per county, but their neighbors were called as witnesses and asked dozens of questions. The upstairs museum houses an extensive collection of Civil War artifacts.
Main museum: Wheeler family's original furnishings. Used as hospital during Civil War, one of only 4 buildings left standing when war ended.
City of Athens Burned and looted by Union troops, May The 1st Alabama Cavalry was unable to retake the city in Jan. Sanford case, was brought to Huntsville as a slave in and lived in Alabama for 12 years. In its now infamous decision, the U. Supreme Court ruled against Scott in , saying that no blacks, free or slave, could be citizens of the United States. Historic Huntsville Depot Climb on locomotives, examine Civil War graffiti, and listen as robotic ticket agents tell about working for railroad.
Exciting hands-on programs available. The Huntsville Depot was used as a Union hospital, prison and as quarters for both black and white Union soldiers, who left graffiti on the third floor walls. Union General Rosecrans' forces constructed a pontoon bridge across the Tennessee River at Stevenson in , allowing thousands of Union troops to cross the river and advance on the battlefield at Chickamauga.
Hikers follow the trail to the site of the Civil War surrender of Lt. Milus E. Fill out your information below to receive a printed guide and Alabama state highway map in the mail. Note: Currently we only send mail inside the United States. All fields are required unless otherwise specified.
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Civil Rights Legacy.
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